Materiales concretos para desarrollar nociones de cantidad y número en niños de 4 años en una Institución Educativa - Huaraz, 2025
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Instituto de Educación Superior Pedagógico Público "Huaraz"
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La investigación desarrollada tuvo origen en la dificultad que presentaban los niños del nivel inicial en la comprensión de las nociones de cantidad y número, cuyo objetivo fue determinar la influencia del material concreto en el desarrollo de nociones de número y cantidad en los niños de 4 años de la I.E.I. CISEA Huarupampa Huaraz 2025.La metodología aplicada corresponde a una investigación cuantitativa, de nivel experimental, cuyo modelo correspondió a la investigación pre experimental con pre y post test , con una muestra de 26 niños cuya técnica fue la observación y el instrumento la guía de observación , el procesamiento de los datos se realizó con la ayuda de la estadística descriptiva e inferencial, Los datos hallados indicaron que en el pre test de 26 estudiantes que representan el 100% de la muestra de estudio, un 92% de los niños se encontraban en el nivel de inicio mientras que un 8% se ubicaba en el nivel de proceso. Pero a diferencia de los resultados del post test que evidenciaron una mejora significativa donde el 73% de los niños alcanzaron el nivel de logro destacado y el 27% el nivel de logro previsto. En la prueba de hipótesis mediante la prueba de wilcoxon el valor de Z= -4,461b y el de p= 0.000 y es < 0.05, de manera que los hallazgos permitieron descartar la hipótesis nula y se acepta la hipótesis alternativa. Se finaliza que el material concreto propicia el desarrollo de las nociones de número y cantidad en niños de 4 años.
The study arises from the problem regarding the notions of quantity and number faced by preschool children. Its objective was to determine the influence of concrete material on the development of number and quantity notions in 4-year-old children from the I.E.I. CISEA Huarupampa, Huaraz, 2025. The applied methodology corresponds to a quantitative research, experimental level, pre experimental design with pre- and post-tests, with a sample of 26 children. The technique used was observation, and the instrument was the observation guide. Data processing was carried out using descriptive and inferential statistics. The findings indicated that in the pre-test, of the 26 students representing 100% of the study sample, 92% of the children were at the beginning level, while 8% were at the process level. In contrast, the post-test results showed a significant improvement, where 73% of the children reached the outstanding achievement level, and 27% reached the expected achievement level. In the hypothesis test using the Wilcoxon test, the value of Z = -4.461b and p = 0.000, which is < 0.05, indicating that the null hypothesis was rejected and the alternative hypothesis was accepted. It is concluded that concrete material promotes the development of number and quantity notions in 4 year-old children.
The study arises from the problem regarding the notions of quantity and number faced by preschool children. Its objective was to determine the influence of concrete material on the development of number and quantity notions in 4-year-old children from the I.E.I. CISEA Huarupampa, Huaraz, 2025. The applied methodology corresponds to a quantitative research, experimental level, pre experimental design with pre- and post-tests, with a sample of 26 children. The technique used was observation, and the instrument was the observation guide. Data processing was carried out using descriptive and inferential statistics. The findings indicated that in the pre-test, of the 26 students representing 100% of the study sample, 92% of the children were at the beginning level, while 8% were at the process level. In contrast, the post-test results showed a significant improvement, where 73% of the children reached the outstanding achievement level, and 27% reached the expected achievement level. In the hypothesis test using the Wilcoxon test, the value of Z = -4.461b and p = 0.000, which is < 0.05, indicating that the null hypothesis was rejected and the alternative hypothesis was accepted. It is concluded that concrete material promotes the development of number and quantity notions in 4 year-old children.
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